VELJAČA 2023
SRI 1Briglta; Miroslav; Sever
ČET 2PRIKAZ. GOSP. SVIJEČNICA; Marijan
PET 3Sv. Blaž; Sv. Vlaho; Tripun
SUB 4Andrija Corsini; Veronika Jeruz.
NED 5 5. KROZ GOD. Agata; Dobrila; Modest
PON 6Pavao Miki I dr.; Doroteja; Dora
UTO 7BI. Pio IX. papa; Rikard; Držislav
SRI 8Jeronim Emil.; Jozefina Bak.
ČET 9Skolastika; Apotonija. Sunčana
PET 10STEPINĆEVO
SUB 11GOSPA LURDSKA; Dan bolesnih
NED 12 6. KROZ GOD. Eulalija; Melecije, Zvonimir
PON 13Katarina Ricci, Božidara
UTO 14Valentinovo; Valentin; Zdravko
SRI 15Klaudije K; Vltomlr; Onezim
ČET 16Julijana; Onezim; Miljenko
PET 177 utemeljitelja Reda Slugu BDM; Darko
SUB 18Šimun; Gizela; Bernardica
NED 19 7. KROZ GOD. Konrad; Rajko; Ratko; Blago
PON 20Leon Čudotvor.; Eluterije; kv.
UTO 21Petar Damjanskl; Damir
SRI 22Čista srijeda - pepelnica, Katedra sv. Petra; kv.
ČET 23Polikarp; Grozdan; kv.
PET 24Montan; Goran; Modest
SUB 25Viktorin; Hrvoje; Berislav
NED 26 1. Korizmena ¨Čista¨. Aleksandar; Sandra; Alka
PON 27Donat Zadarski; Gabrijel
UTO 28Roman; Teofil; Bogoljub; Vikica
SVECI / SAINTS
Pavao Miki - (japanski: パウロ三木 (Pauro Miki (三木 znači "tri drveta") (1562.-1597.) bio je japanski katolički isusovac, jedan od dvadeset i šest mučenika Japana.
Pavao Miki rođen je u bogatoj japanskoj obitelji. Školovao se kod isusovaca u Azuchiju i Takatsukiju. Pridružio se Družbi Isusovoj i postao poznat i uspješan propovjednik – pridobivši brojne obraćenike na katoličanstvo. Vladar Japana, Toyotomi Hideyoshi, počeo je progoniti katolike zbog straha od utjecaja i namjera isusovaca, a vjerojatno i europskih posjetitelja.
Miki je uhićen i zatvoren sa svojim kolegama katolicima, koji su kasnije bili prisiljeni marširati 966 kilometara (600 milja) od Kyota do Nagasakija; sve vrijeme pjevajući Te Deum. Po dolasku u Nagasaki – koji danas ima najveću katoličku populaciju u Japanu – Mikiju su prsa probodena kopljem dok je bio vezan za križ 5. veljače 1597. godine.
Svoju posljednju propovijed održao je s križa, a tvrdi se da je oprostio svojim dželatima. Uz njega su razapeti Joan Soan (de Gotó) i Santiago Kisai, također iz Družbe Isusove; zajedno s još dvadeset i tri klera i laika, koje je sve 1862. proglasio svetima papa Pio IX.
Paul Miki was born into a wealthy Japanese family. He was educated by the Jesuits in Azuchi and Takatsuki. He joined the Society of Jesus and became a well known and successful preacher – gaining numerous converts to Catholicism.The ruler of Japan, Toyotomi Hideyoshi, began persecuting Catholics for fear of the Jesuits' influence and intentions, and possibly that of European visitors.
Miki was arrested and jailed with his fellow Catholics, who were later forced to march 966 kilometers (600 miles) from Kyoto to Nagasaki; all the while singing the Te Deum. On arriving in Nagasaki – which today has the largest Catholic population in Japan – Miki had his chest pierced with a lance while tied to a cross on 5 February 1597.
He preached his last sermon from the cross, and it is maintained that he forgave his executioners. Crucified alongside him were Joan Soan (de Gotó) and Santiago Kisai, also of the Society of Jesus; along with twenty-three other clergy and laity, all of whom were canonized by Pope Pius IX in 1862.
Jerolim Emiliani / Jerome Aemilian, Hiëronymus Emiliani (1486. – 1537.) bio je talijanski humanitarac, utemeljitelj Družbe slugu siromaha, a Katolička ga crkva smatra svecem.
Rođen je u Veneciji, neko je vrijeme proveo u vojsci, a kasnije je služio kao magistrat. Emiliani se brinuo za bolesne, gladne i siročad; i uvjerio druge da učine isto. Kroz njegove dobre usluge osnovane su brojne bolnice i sirotišta u nekoliko sjevernotalijanskih gradova. Proglašen je svetim 1767. godine i zaštitnik je siročadi.
Sin Angela Emilianija (popularno zvanog Miani i Eleonore Mauroceni. Otac mu je umro kad je bio tinejdžer, a Jerome je s 15 godina pobjegao u vojsku. Godine 1508. sudjelovao je u obrani Castelnuova protiv Cambrayske lige (to je bilo dvije godine prije nego što se papa Julije II pridružio Mlečanima). Imenovan je guvernerom tvrđave u planinama Trevisa, a dok je branio svoj položaj, bio je zarobljen. Prije toga nije mario za Boga, već je svoj bijeg pripisao zagovoru Majke Božje; i hodočastio je u svetište Gospe od Trevisa, ispunjavajući zavjet, i ostavio svoje lance kao žrtvu.
Zatim je imenovan podestatom (mletačkim sucem) u Castelnuovo di Quero, ali se nakon kratkog vremena vratio u Veneciju da nadgleda obrazovanje svojih nećaka. Sve svoje slobodno vrijeme posvetio je studiju teologije i djelima milosrđa. U godini kuge i gladi (1528.) činilo se da je posvuda bio i pokazivao svoju revnost, osobito za siročad, čiji se broj tako jako povećao. Jeronim se o svom trošku počeo brinuti za bolesne i hraniti gladne. Za njih je unajmio kuću u blizini crkve sv. Ruže i uz pomoć nekih pobožnih laika služio im se za potrebe. Njemu je također povjerena bolnica za neizlječive, koju je osnovao Gaetano dei Conti di Thiene. Godine 1531. otišao je u Veronu i potaknuo građane da sagrade bolnicu; u Bresciji, Bergamu, Milanu i drugim mjestima u sjevernoj Italiji, podigao je sirotišta, za dječake i za djevojčice. U Bergamu je također osnovao hostel za pokajničke prostitutke. Cijeli je život ostao laik. Papa Ivan Pavao II opisao ga je kao „laika koji nadahnjuje laike.
Gerolamo Emiliani / Jerome Aemilian, Hiëronymus Emiliani) (1486 –1537) was an Italian humanitarian, founder of the Somaschi Fathers, and is considered a saint by the Catholic Church.
Born in Venice, he spent some time in the military, and later served as a magistrate. Emiliani provided for the sick, the hungry, and orphans; and persuaded others to do likewise. Through his good offices a number of hospitals and orphanages were established in several northern Italian towns. He was canonized in 1767 and is the patron saint of orphans.
The son of Angelo Emiliani (popularly called Miani) and Eleonore Mauroceni. His father died when he was a teenager and Jerome ran away at the age of 15 to join the army. In 1508, he participated in the defense of Castelnuovo against the League of Cambray (this was two years before Pope Julius II joined the Venetians). He was appointed governor of a fortress in the mountains of Treviso, and while defending his post he was taken prisoner. Prior, he had not cared about God, but attributed his escape to the intercession of the Mother of God; and he made a pilgrimage to the shrine of Our Lady of Treviso, in fulfillment of a vow, and left his chains as an offering.
He was then appointed podestà (Venetian magistrate) of Castelnuovo di Quero, but after a short time returned to Venice to supervise the education of his nephews. All his spare time was devoted to the study of theology and to works of charity. In the year of plague and famine (1528), he seemed to be everywhere and showed his zeal, especially for the orphans, whose number had so greatly increased. Jerome began caring for the sick and feeding the hungry at his own expense. He rented a house for them near the church of St. Rose and, with the assistance of some pious laymen, ministered to their needs. To his charge was also committed the hospital for incurables, founded by Gaetano dei Conti di Thiene. In 1531 he went to Verona and induced the citizens to build a hospital; in Brescia, Bergamo, Milan and other places in northern Italy, he erected orphanages, for boys and for girls. At Bergamo, he also founded a hostel for repentant prostitutes. He remained a layman throughout his life. Pope John Paul II described him as "a lay person who inspires lay people.
Papa Pio IX - Pio Nono; rođen kao Giovanni Maria Mastai Ferretti (1792.-1878.) - bio je poglavar Katoličke crkve od 1846. do 1878., najduže potvrđene papinske vladavine. Bio je poznat po sazivanju Prvog vatikanskog sabora 1868. i trajnom gubitku kontrole nad Papinskom državom 1870. u korist Kraljevine Italije.
Bio je deveto dijete rođeno u plemićkoj obitelji Girolamo dai Conti Ferretti (1750–1833) i Caterina Antonia Maddalena Solazzei di Fano (1764–1842). Kršten je na dan rođenja s imenima Giovanni Maria Battista Pietro Pellegrino Isidoro. Školovao se na Pijarističkom fakultetu u Volterri iu Rimu. Kao mladić u Guardia Nobile, mladi grof Mastai bio je zaručen za Irkinju, gospođicu Foster (kći biskupa od Kilmorea), a dogovoreno je da se vjenčanje održi u crkvi San Luigi Dei Francesi. Mastaijevi roditelji protivili su se braku i on se nije pojavio u crkvi dogovorenog dana. Godine 1814., kao student teologije u svom rodnom gradu Sinigaglia, susreo je papu Pija VII., koji se vratio iz francuskog zarobljeništva. Godine 1815. ušao je u papinsku plemićku gardu, ali je ubrzo otpušten nakon epileptičnog napadaja. Prepustio se na milost i nemilost Piju VII., koji ga je uzdigao i podupro njegov nastavak teoloških studija.
Papa Pio IX. je tijekom svog pontifikata kanonizirao 52 sveca. Pio IX nije bio samo papa, nego do 1870. i posljednji suvereni vladar Papinske države. Kao svjetovnog vladara povremeno su ga nazivali "kraljem". Liberalna politika Pija IX. u početku ga je učinila vrlo popularnim u cijeloj Italiji. Imenovao je sposobnog i prosvijećenog ministra, Pellegrina Rossija, da upravlja Papinskom državom. Također se pokazao neprijateljski raspoložen prema austrijskim utjecajima, oduševivši talijanske domoljube, koji su ga veličali kao nadolazećeg otkupitelja Italije. “Od mene koji sam samo siromašni seoski župnik žele napraviti Napoleona”, jednom je izjavio
Pope Pius IX - Pio Nono; born Giovanni Maria Mastai Ferretti (1792-1878) - was head of the Catholic Church from 1846 to 1878, the longest verified papal reign. He was notable for convoking the First Vatican Council in 1868 and for permanently losing control of the Papal States in 1870 to the Kingdom of Italy.
He was the ninth child born into the noble family of Girolamo dai Conti Ferretti (1750–1833) and Caterina Antonia Maddalena Solazzei di Fano (1764–1842).He was baptized on the day of his birth with the names Giovanni Maria Battista Pietro Pellegrino Isidoro. He was educated at the Piarist College in Volterra, and in Rome. As a young man in the Guardia Nobile the young Count Mastai was engaged to be married to an Irishwoman, Miss Foster (the daughter of the Bishop of Kilmore), and arrangements were made for the wedding to take place in the Church of San Luigi Dei Francesi. Mastai's parents opposed the marriage, and he did not appear at the church on the appointed day.In 1814, as a theology student in his hometown of Sinigaglia, he met Pope Pius VII, who had returned from French captivity. In 1815, he entered the Papal Noble Guard but was soon dismissed after an epileptic seizure.He threw himself on the mercy of Pius VII, who elevated him and supported his continued theological studies.
Pope Pius IX canonized 52 saints during his pontificate. Pius IX was not only pope, but until 1870 also the last Sovereign ruler of the Papal States. As a secular ruler he was occasionally referred to as "king".Pius IX's liberal policies initially made him very popular throughout Italy. He appointed an able and enlightened minister, Pellegrino Rossi, to administer the Papal States. He also showed himself hostile to Austrian influences, delighting Italian patriots, who hailed him as the coming redeemer of Italy. "They want to make a Napoleon of me who am only a poor country parson", he once declared
Katarina de' Ricci (1522.-1590.) bila je talijanska dominikanska trećoredica. Vjeruje se da je imala čudesne vizije i tjelesne susrete s Isusom.Kaže se da je spontano prokrvarila iz rana raspetog Krista. Poštovana je zbog svojih mističnih vizija, a Katolička crkva je poštuje kao sveticu. Rođena je kao Alessandra Lucrezia Romola de' Ricci u Firenci od Piera Francesca de' Riccija, iz patricijske obitelji, i njegove supruge Caterine Bonza, koja je umrla ubrzo nakon. U dobi od 6 ili 7 godina otac ju je upisao u školu koju je vodio samostan benediktinki u gradskoj četvrti Monticelli, u blizini njihove kuće, gdje je njezina teta, Luisa de' Ricci, bila opatica. Bila je vrlo molitvena osoba od najranije dobi. Tamo je razvila doživotnu pobožnost Kristovoj muci. Nakon kratkog vremena izvan samostana ušla je u samostan svetog Vinka u Pratu, u Toskani, klauzurnu zajednicu redovnica Trećeg reda svetog Dominika, učenica glasovitog dominikanskog fratra Girolama Savonarole, koje su slijedile strogi režim života. U svibnju 1535. primila je redovnički habit od svog ujaka Timotea de' Riccija, koji je bio ispovjednik u samostanu, i redovničko ime Katarina, po dominikanskoj trećoredici, Katarina Sijenska.
Njezino razdoblje novicijata bilo je vrijeme kušnje. Doživjela bi ekstaze tijekom svoje rutine, zbog čega je izgledala kao da spava tijekom molitve u zajednici, ispuštajući tanjure i hranu, toliko da je zajednica počela dovoditi u pitanje njezinu sposobnost, ako ne i njezin razum. Na kraju su ostale sestre postale svjesne duhovne osnove za njezino ponašanje. Do dobi od 30 godina popela se do mjesta priorice.
Priča se da je bila časna sestra s vizijama, navodi Constance Classen, koja je čudesno držala malog Isusa odjevenog u pelene te se mistično vjenčala i sjedinila s odraslim Isusom.
Tvrdi se da je Katarinina meditacija o Kristovoj muci bila tako duboka da je spontano prokrvarila, kao da je izbičevana. Nosila je i stigme. Tijekom duboke molitve, poput Katarine Sijenske, njezine svece zaštitnice, na njenom se prstu pojavio koraljni prsten koji predstavlja njezin brak s Kristom.
Izvještava se da je Katarina nosila željezni lanac oko vrata i bila uključena u ekstremni post i druge oblike pokore i žrtvovanja, posebno za duše u Čistilištu.
De' Ricci's period of novitiate was a time of trial. She would experience ecstasies during her routine, which caused her to seem asleep during community prayer services, dropping plates and food, so much so that the community began to question her competence, if not her sanity. Eventually the other Sisters became aware of the spiritual basis for her behavior. By the age of 30 she had risen to the post of prioress.
She is reported to have been a nun with visions, states Constance Classen, who miraculously held baby Jesus dressed in swaddling clothes, and was mystically married and united with adult Jesus.
It is claimed that de' Ricci's meditation on the Passion of Christ was so deep that she spontaneously bled, as if scourged. She also bore the Stigmata. During times of deep prayer, like Catherine of Siena, her patron saint, a coral ring representing her marriage to Christ appeared on her finger.
It is reported that de' Ricci wore an iron chain around her neck and engaged in extreme fasting and other forms of penance and sacrifice, especially for souls in Purgatory.
Petar Damjan - Petrus Damianus (1007.-1073.) - bio je benediktinski redovnik reformator i kardinal u krugu pape Leona IX. Dante ga je uvrstio u jedan od najviših krugova Paradisa kao velikog prethodnika Franje Asiškog te je 27. rujna 1828. proglašen crkvenim učiteljem.
Petar je rođen u Ravenni oko 1007. godine, kao najmlađi iz brojne, ali siromašne plemićke obitelji. Rano je ostao siroče, a najprije ga je usvojio stariji brat, koji ga je zlostavljao i nedovoljno hranio dok ga je zaposlio kao svinjara. Nakon nekoliko godina, drugi brat, Damjan, koji je bio nadsvećenik u Ravenni, sažalio mu se i odveo ga na školovanje. Dodavši bratovo ime svome, Petar je tako brzo napredovao u studiju teologije i kanonskog prava, najprije u Ravenni, potom u Faenzi i konačno na Sveučilištu u Parmi, da je, oko svoje 25. godine, već bio poznati učitelj u Parmi i Ravenni.
Oko 1035., međutim, odustao je od svog svjetovnog poziva i, izbjegavajući kompromitirani luksuz Cluniačkih samostana, ušao u izolirano pustinjačko naselje Fonte Avellana, blizu Gubbia. I kao novak i kao redovnik, njegov je žar bio nevjerojatan, ali ga je doveo do takvih ekstrema samomrtvljenja u pokori da mu je zdravlje bilo narušeno, a razvio je i tešku nesanicu.
Nakon što se oporavio, imenovan je da predaje svojoj braći redovnicima. Zatim je, na zahtjev Guya od Pompose (Guido d'Arezzo) i drugih glavara susjednih samostana, dvije ili tri godine držao predavanja i njihovoj braći, te je (oko 1042.) napisao Romualdov život za redovnike iz Pietrapertose. Ubrzo nakon povratka u Fonte Avellana, prior ga je imenovao economusom (upraviteljem ili domaćicom) kuće, koji ga je odredio za svog nasljednika. Godine 1043. postao je prior Fonte Avellana, i to je ostao do svoje smrti u veljači 1072. godine.
Predmetni pustinjaci osnovani su u San Severinu, Gamogni, Acerreti, Murciani, San Salvatoreu, Sitriji i Ocriju. Revnitelj za monašku i svećeničku reformu, uveo je strožu disciplinu, uključujući praksu bičevanja ("disciplina") u kuću, koja je pod njegovom vladavinom brzo postala slavna i postala model za druge zaklade, čak velika opatija Monte Cassino.
Iako je živio u osami samostana, Petar Damjan je pomno promatrao sudbinu crkve, te je poput svog prijatelja Hildebranda, budućeg pape Grgura VII., težio reformama u žalosnom vremenu. Nakon gotovo dva stoljeća političkih i društvenih preokreta, doktrinarno neznanje i sitna podmitljivost među svećenstvom dosegli su nepodnošljive razine. Kad je skandalozni Benedikt IX. predao pontifikat u ruke nadsvećenika Ivana Gracijana (Grgur VI.) 1045., Petar je s radošću pozdravio promjenu i pisao novom papi, pozivajući ga da se pozabavi skandalima crkve u Italiji, izdvajajući ozloglašene biskupe Pesara, Città di Castello i Fana.
Peter was born in Ravenna around 1007, the youngest of a large but poor noble family. Orphaned early, he was at first adopted by an elder brother, who ill-treated and under-fed him while employing him as a swineherd. After some years, another brother, Damianus, who was archpriest at Ravenna, had pity on him and took him away to be educated. Adding his brother's name to his own, Peter made such rapid progress in his studies of theology and canon law, first at Ravenna, then at Faenza, and finally at the University of Parma, that, around the age of 25, he was already a famous teacher at Parma and Ravenna.
About 1035, however, he gave up his secular calling and, avoiding the compromised luxury of Cluniac monasteries, entered the isolated hermitage of Fonte Avellana, near Gubbio. Both as a novice and as a monk, his fervour was remarkable but led him to such extremes of self-mortification in penance that his health was affected, and he developed severe insomnia.
On his recovery, he was appointed to lecture to his fellow monks. Then, at the request of Guy of Pomposa (Guido d'Arezzo) and other heads of neighbouring monasteries, for two or three years he lectured to their brethren also, and (about 1042) wrote the life of Romuald for the monks of Pietrapertosa. Soon after his return to Fonte Avellana he was appointed economus (manager or housekeeper) of the house by the prior, who designated him as his successor. In 1043 he became prior of Fonte Avellana, and remained so until his death in February 1072.
Subject-hermitages were founded at San Severino, Gamogna, Acerreta, Murciana, San Salvatore, Sitria and Ocri. A zealot for monastic and clerical reform, he introduced a more-severe discipline, including the practice of flagellation ("the disciplina") into the house, which, under his rule, quickly attained celebrity, and became a model for other foundations, even the great abbey of Monte Cassino.
Although living in the seclusion of the cloister, Peter Damian closely watched the fortunes of the church, and like his friend Hildebrand, the future Pope Gregory VII, he strove for reforms in a deplorable time. After almost two centuries of political and social upheaval, doctrinal ignorance and the petty venality among the clergy had reached intolerable levels. When the scandalous Benedict IX resigned the pontificate into the hands of the archpriest John Gratian (Gregory VI) in 1045, Peter hailed the change with joy and wrote to the new pope, urging him to deal with the scandals of the church in Italy, singling out the wicked bishops of Pesaro, of Città di Castello and of Fano.
Sveti Polikarp – Polikarp; (69. – 155.) bio je kršćanski biskup Smirne. Prema Polikarpovom mučeništvu, umro je kao mučenik, vezan i spaljen na lomači, zatim izboden kad vatra nije uspjela progutati njegovo tijelo. Polikarp se smatra svecem i crkvenim ocem u katoličkoj, pravoslavnoj, orijentalnoj pravoslavnoj, anglikanskoj i luteranskoj crkvi.
I Irenej i Tertulijan kažu da je Polikarp bio učenik Ivana Apostola, jednog od Isusovih učenika. U "O slavnim ljudima", Jeronim piše da je Polikarp bio učenik Ivana apostola i da ga je Ivan zaredio za biskupa Smirne. Polikarp se smatra jednim od tri glavna apostolska oca, zajedno s Klementom Rimskim i Ignacijem Antiohijskim.
Both Irenaeus and Tertullian say that Polycarp had been a disciple of John the Apostle, one of Jesus' disciples. In On Illustrious Men, Jerome writes that Polycarp was a disciple of John the Apostle and that John had ordained him as a bishop of Smyrna. Polycarp is regarded as one of three chief Apostolic Fathers, along with Clement of Rome and Ignatius of Antioch.
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